Drugs and substance abuse in kenya pdf file

It can cause or worsen many medical problems and if left untreated can destroy families and lives. Status of drugs and substance abuse among primary school pupils in kenya. As elsewhere existing sources of data need to b supplemented with specialized drug abuse surveys in order to obtain a more comprehensive and reliable assessment of the situation particularly as regards the abuse of drugs in educational institutions. Boards are the best place to save images and video clips. Main findings showed that drug and substance abuse among students is widespread. Promising strategies to reduce substance abuse is an assessment of the most effective strategies used nationwide to reduce illicit drug and alcohol abuse and related crime.

Results from nidafunded research have shown that prevention programs involving families, schools, communities, and the media are effective in reducing drug abuse. For example, interventions for youth who are already using alcohol and other drugs. Definition of drug abuse and related concepts drug abuse. Why drug abuse is on the rise among teens tuesday november 10 2015 a survey in 17 counties by nacada showed a high use of drugs and alcohol by school going teenagers with alcohol the most abused. Drug abuse among the youth in kenya international journal of. Prevention is the key drug addiction is a preventable disease. Bhang remains a banned substance in kenya, making its possession or personal use criminal, yet it is one of the most readily available and openly abused substance across most universities. The following measures would be particularly useful for prevention and control of alcohol and drug abuse in adolescents. The main physical effects are dilation of pupils, loss of appetite, increased activity, talking or laughing, jaw clenching, sweating and sometimes stomach cramps or nausea. Many substance users in south africa are poly substance users e. Drug and substance abuse is linked to the rising crime. Substance drug abuse is increasing in kenya and especially among the youth.

According to the latest countrywide survey done in 2012 by the antidrug agency called the rapid assessment drug and substance abuse in kenya, one in three students reported using one or more drugs. According to siringi and waihenya 2003 more than 22% of primary school children in kenya take alcoholic products, by the time they are in secondary school the figures increase to 57% and. The document below has substance abuse prevention interventions and programs that can be adopted in kenya categorized into the iom prevention categories. The abuse of illicit drugs causes significant health and social problems not only for the people who abuse them, but also for other individuals in their families and communities who, 2012. Drug abuse is becoming an increasing problem among students in kenya. Why drug abuse is on the rise among teens daily nation. Over the past two decades, the abuse of drugs in kenya has rapidly increased and risen to unprecedented level and no part of the country is safe from the scourge ngesu et al, 2008. In some cases criminal or antisocial behaviour occurs when the person is under the influence of a drug, and long term. The major cause for concern is that a high proportion of the kenyan youth in secondary schools are involved in drugs nacada 2012. Responding to these risks before they become problems can be difficult. In kenya today, especially in the urban set up, drug and substance abuse is rampant and on the rise. Differing definitions of drug abuse are used in public health, medical and criminal justice contexts. Developing a programme for prevention and intervention by. Many of the principles of treating drug addiction are similar for people within the criminal justice system as for those in the general population.

Substance abuse, drug, adolescence, colleges of education. For more information, see the heroin research report. Commonly abused drugs national institute on drug abuse. Pdf drug and substance abuse is a global problem and is one of the. Patterns of drug abuse in public secondary schools in kenya.

Consequences of drug abuse on the health of the individual depend on the type of drug abused oneil, s. Indicators, data sources and frequency of data collection indicator type source frequency nature and extent of aod useabuse primary substance of abuse as well as secondary drugs used, mode of administration, referral source, type of treatment, severity, monthly spending on. In view of this, the field survey method was adopted to. Desmond corrigan, chairperson, national advisory council on drugs, for his permission to quote extensively from facts about drug misuse in ireland and for his comments and support for the handbook dr. Drug and substance abuse is recognized globally as the greatest impediment to sanity of our social fabric, the greatest health risk and also it is touted to be one of the biggest derailments to our economic growth. Treatment approaches for drug addiction january 2019 page 6 successfully remove themselves from a life of substance abuse and crime. Download premium images you cant get anywhere else. Crime related to drug abuse is mostly nonviolent and often petty. According to the nacada report the earliest age of initiation into drugs is 7 years and the average is 18 years. Substance use among a sample of healthcare workers in kenya. Every child has hisher own choice and personality, which should be kept in mind. Introduction the use of hard drugs by adolescent students in nigerian colleges of education has become an embarrassing occurrence to parents, schools, government authorities, and the society at large. National institute on drug abuse page 8 of 30 commonly abused drugs june 2018 heroin an opioid drug made from morphine, a natural substance extracted from the seed pod of various opium poppy plants. Results from the 2015 national survey on drug use and health cdc pdf pdf 2.

Preventing drug use among children and adolescents redbook. Preventing drug use among children and adolescents. The kenya government has recognised the seriousness of the drug problem and initiated. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders iv. The introduction of prescription drugs to africa drastically increased the availability and use of psychoactive substances. Some examples of the health problems caused by illicit drug abuse include cardiovascular dysfunctions, lung diseases, and kidney function impairments. Prevalence, drugs used, sources, and awareness of curative. It is the chronic use of a drug for a reason other than for which it. The painful reality about drug abuse in kenyan universities.

Behavioural therapies can help motivate people to participate in drug and alcohol rehabilitation, offer strategies for coping with their cravings, teach ways to avoid abuse and prevent relapse, and help individuals deal with relapse if. The history of psychoactive substance use in africa is relatively short except for the reports on the use of traditional substances such as alcohol, cannabis and khat. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the united states. Nairobi, kenya drug abuse and drug dependence treatment situation according to unodc data for the year 2009. According to the latest countrywide survey done in 2012 by the antidrug agency called the rapid assessment drug and substance abuse in kenya, one in three. The abuse of drugs and alcohol is a particular problem among the young people. There has been a recent marked increase in the prevalence of substance use disorders suds around the world whiteford et al. The perception of drugs and substance abuse in the district could have varied with other parts of the country due to socioeconomic status, cultural orientations, general level of education and geographical region. Strategies for prevention and intervention of drug abuse.

Drug effects can include a sense of emotional and psychological euphoria and wellbeing. Abstract and full paper for kenya association of professional. Economiccompulsive crime to obtain drugs, such as theft and burglary, is more common than violent druginduced assault. If an elder parent, grandparent in the family engages in substance abuse, young people in that family are more likely to start abusing the same or a different substances factors like relatively easy availability of drugs, community norms, and adverse family. Moreover, many criminals are under the influence of drugs while committing crimes. In kenya, the prevalence of opium use among the age group between 15 and 64 is 0. Continued use of drugs may lead to addiction, a condition in which the abusers must take drugs in order to feel normal whether they like it winkel, b. Kisumu district in kenya, revealed that the reported rate of alcohol use was 6. Data and surveillance about persons who inject drugs cdc. Recreational drug use in kenya is common among men, women, and youth from both rural and urban environments.

Substance use disorder in dsm5 combines the dsmiv categories of substance abuse and substance dependence into a single disorder measured on a continuum from mild to severe. National focal point united nations office on drugs and. National institute on drug abuse page 3 of 30 commonly abused drugs june 2018 ayahuasca a hallucinogenic tea made in the amazon from a dmtcontaining plant psychotria viridis along with another vine banisteriopsis caapi that contains an mao inhibitor preventing the natural breakdown of dmt in the digestive system, thereby enhancing serotonergic activity. Nonthreatening, nonjudgmental, supportive learning environment where the needs of the individual are catered for and learners view themselves as worthwhile is the. Street names commercial names common forms common ways taken dea schedule. Although many events and cultural factors affect drug abuse trends, when youths perceive drug abuse as harmful, they. The authors describe the results of a preliminary survey on the use and abuse of drugs and alcohol by secondary school students in kenya. This rapid assessment of drug and substance abuse sought to understand the nature, extent, and patterns of drug abuse in kenya and its subsequent effect on the individual, family, and community at large. The drugs reported to have been used are cigarettes, tobacco, kuber, shisha, packaged alcohol, changaa, hashish, bhang, cocaine, heroin, khat, inhalants, prescription drugs sedatives or sleeping pills, morphine, codeine, pethidine, and synthetic drugs amphetamine, hallucinogens.

Alcohol, substance and drug use among urban slum adolescents. Developing a programme for prevention and intervention by redempta w maithya a thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of doctor of education in the subject socio education at the university of south africa unisa promoter. However, many offenders dont have access to the types of. Hallucinogenic drugs distort the users perceptions of reality. Essay on the prevention and control to drug addiction. The facilitator must gather local information to determine the most common drugs used in the target group and those that cause the most harm to the individual and community. The national protocol for treatment of substance use disorders in. Agumba hnd h601156804 a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of master of science degree in hospitality management in the.

May 17, 2006 the history of psychoactive substance use in africa is relatively short except for the reports on the use of traditional substances such as alcohol, cannabis and khat. Current statistics indicate that more than half of drug users are aged 1019. Inra is primarily focussed on assessment of existing information and sources on drug abuse and the identification of key needs. This notwithstanding, alcohol, cannabis and khat still remain the most common substances of abuse in.

A baseline survey on effects of drug and substance abuse on academic participation among students in technical institutions in kenya by maithya redempta phd school of education south eastern kenya university p. Against drug abuse 2012 identified alcohol, tobacco and bhang use among the major challenges of substance abuse facing students in kenya. It is also expected to propose a development strategy for establishing an integrated drug information system for monitoring drug abuse trends and associated. If an elder parent, grandparent in the family engages in substance abuse, young people in that family are more likely to start abusing the same or a different substances factors like relatively easy. Why drug abuse is on the rise among teens tuesday november 10 2015 a survey in 17 counties by nacada showed a high use of drugs and alcohol by school going. Drug trafficking is another outcome of drug abuse 1. This study sought to establish the general trend of drug and substance abuse among students in technical institutions and effects on academic participation. Pdf patterns of drug abuse in public secondary schools in kenya. Out of 6793 respondents who reported at least one drug user, 66.

Find highquality drug abuse stock photos and editorial news pictures from getty images. Drugs, crime and the law in kenya, there are children who consume and traffic drugs, are victims of drugabusing families and live in druginfested communities. A nationally representative sample size of 3,016 households was derived from all eight provinces. However, the impact of illicit drugs, crime and violence is highly damaging to. Drug abusers commit crimes to pay for their drugs and this inflicts damages to the society. Life skills based education for drug use prevention. Between 1990 and 2010, there was an increase of 37. In a household survey of drug and alcohol use and abuse in kenya conducted by nacada 8 in 2009 with a quantitative sampling of 4,200 households in 140 cluster areas. The report is intended to serve as a guide to communities by identifying the core elements of promising strategies and illustrating these strategies with examples. In the latter category are drugs such as opium, rohypnol flunitrazipam, ketamine, and wellconal. Drug and substance abuse, students, secondary school, slums, kenya. So a child should not be pressed unduly to do beyond his her capacities, be it studies, sports etc.

Gender differences in reasons for alcohol and drug abuse. There is a close relationship between drug abuse and crime. Bobby smyth, consultant child and adolescent psychiatrist specialising in substance abuse. The concept of drugs and substance abuse a drug is any substance which when introduced into the body will alter the normal biological. The main objective of the study was to find out the socioeconomic impact of alcohol abuse among the nandi community. Impact of substance abuse on academic performance among. Scope of prevention substance abuse prevention for kenya. Pdf drugs and substance abuse among the secondary school.

O box 30197 00100, nairobi, kenya abstract this study investigated factors that have led to alcohol abuse among the household heads and its contemporary socioeconomic effects on family life in kenya. Frequent abuse of alcohol and other drugs can lead to addiction, a disease that affects the brain and behavior. It is the chronic use of a drug for a reason other than for which it was intended. According to a research in the united states in 2010. The kenya national association of probation officers knapo reports that children start using drugs due to peer pressure and curiosity. The journal publishes original research, evaluation studies, case reports. Kenya s capacity for collecting information on drug abuse. National focal point united nations office on drugs and crime. Alcohol and drug problem overview the abuse of alcohol and other drugsincluding prescription drugsis common and costly. These programs target individuals who are already using alcohol and other drugs to prevent chronic use.

Each specific substance other than caffeine, which cannot be diagnosed as a substance use. This special issue of the african journal of drug and alcohol studies is devoted to the theme of substance use and hivaids in africa. Substance use among a sample of healthcare workers in. Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is use of a drug in amounts or by methods which are harmful to the individual or others. Abstract drug and substance abuse has continued to ruin our youth and subsequently education despite various measures taken to.